Spindle for spinning-machines



(N0 Model.)

0. 'H. CHAPMAN.

SPINDLE FOR SPINNING MACHINES.

Patented Nov. 1, 1881.

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CHARLES H. CHAPMAN, OF SHIRLEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANDARD SPINDLE COMPANY, OF AYER, MASSACHUSETTS.

SPINDLE FOR SPINNING-MACHINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 249,142, dated November 1, 1881.

Application filed March 11, 1881.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES H. CHAPMAN, of Shirley, in the county of Middlesexa-nd State of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvementsin Spindles for Spinning-lvlachines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to spindles for spinning-machines ofthe class adapted to be oiled by atmospheric pressure, and it has for its ob- 1o ject to provide such a spindle embodying certain improvements over any now in use.

To this end my invention consists, first, in certain improvements whereby the spindle may be steadily run at a high speed with the minimum of power.

The invention consists, secondly, in certain improvements in construction, whereby the lubricating operation is more perfectly performed.

The invention consists, thirdly, in certain improvements in the spindle-whirl, whereby a band can be wound once, or more than once, around the same, and at the same time produce an even and positive rotation of the spindle.

The invention also consists in certain details of construction, all of which I will now proceed to describe, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 represents an elevation of aspindle embodying myinvention. Fig. 2 representsa vertical section of saidspindle. Fig. 3 represents a similar section with the live-spindle raised upon the standard or dead-spindle. Fig. 4 represents awhirl embodying my invention, having a band wound once and a half around thesame. Figs.5andGrepresentsimilarviews of whirls as ordinarily constructed.

In all the figures the same letters refer to the same parts.

In the drawings, n represents a spindlestandard fitted loosely within a supportingtube, T, which tube surrounds the standard a and is rigidly secured to the base B. The standard nis secured within the tube T and kept from rotating therein by the pin 0, said pin being out 01f at such a length as to firmly wedge within the tube T, the principle being (No model.)

the same as that set forth in my patent of the United States for improvements in spindles, granted July 19, 1881, No. 244,712.

H represents the tip of the spindle, which is held within the shell F by means of the rivet y. The tip H is provided with astep,P, which enters an enlarged cavity in the standard a, said cavitybeing of such size that the step has no lateral bearing on the sides thereof, but bears only at its lower end, which rests upon a seat, a, forming the bottom of said cavity. The enlarged cavity prevents any unsteadiness in the motion of the tip in case the step is not exactly concentric with both the tip and shell. It is obvious thatif the step were fitted closely in a socket in the standard, so as to have a lateral bearing on the sides of said socket, the slightest eccentricity of the step or of the socket would cause the tip to run unsteadily.

E represents a suction-tube, which is pressed upon the shell'F and firmly soldered to said shell through the orificesss. The tube E forms an extension extending downwardly from the than the diameterof the supporting-tube T, an

annular space is left between said tube E and the exterior of the supportingtube T. The tube E has a shoulder, 41, formed on the outer surface of the tube, said shoulder forming a bearing for the whirl D and preventing the Whirl from being driven too far down upon the spindle.

K represents a stop, secured to the base B and adapted to limit the upward movement of the whirl when the latter is raised, as shown in Fig. 3. The suction-tube E extends down and around the supporting-tube T, but has no lateral bearing either upon its outer or inner sur-- face after leaving the shell F.

In practice it has been found that when the spindle is raised for. the purpose of producing a vacuum around the spindle for oiling the same an opening below the shellis formed,

which allows the air to pass down and into the spindle, thereby tending to break the vacuum caused by the vertical movement of the shell upon the standard.

Iobviate the foregoing objections to the spindle now in common use by my present invention by so constructing the oil-cup that the lowerendof the suction-tube E, when in its normal position, will be more closely surrounded by said cup.

The base B is held in position by the screw and nut L in the ordinary way, and is provided with the oil-cup'm. The lower part, m, of the oil-cup is contracted in size and formed within the solid portion of the base B. The cup m has a loosefittiug cap, 0, which is made in tubular form, and is provided with twooutwardly-projecting flauges,ff, the flangef resting upon a seat or shoulder formed within the upper end of the oil-cnpm. The cup at extends upwardly around the cap 0 to a height above the flange f suflicient to prevent the oil from working over the top of the cup. The flan ge f is of greater (liameter than the cup m, and extends outwardly over the top of said cup, to protect the oil from dust. The cap 0 surrounds the lowerend of the spindle'shell, and is separated therefrom by an annular space. The upper end of the cap 0 extends upwardly into a. recess or cavity formed in the under side of the whirl D.

h h represent two orifices, provided for the escape of any oil that may work up over the flange f.

It will be apparent that by contracting the lower part of the oil cup or reservoir, as described, a narrow annular space is formed within the base B around the spindle, having a lim' ited capacity, and therefore capable of being filled by a small quantity of oil, so that there is less liability of breaking the vacuum when the shell is raised upon the standard than there would be if the reservoir were of the same size at the bottom as elsewhere, the oil having a considerable height in the reservoir, even when a considerable portion of it has been consumed. When the shell F and its inclosing suction-tube E are raised upon the standard until the whirl D strikes the stop K, as shown in Fig. 3, two

vacuums will be formed around the spindle,

one at Z, between the tip H and the standard n, and one at Q, around the lower portion of the standard a. These two vacuums are of decided advantage in raising oil from the cup m by atmospheric pressure when a small and long standard is employed.

It has also been found in practice that comcal shaped whirls as heretofore constructed are impracticable, for the reason that in operation the position assumed by the band upon the whirl affects the speed of the spindle, so as to seriously interfere with the operation of the same. For instance, if the band is tight and the spindle runs hard, the band will assume the position on the whirl shown in Fig. 5, wh1le on the other hand, if the band is loose and the spindle running light, it will take the position shown in Fig. 6. Besides this, when the band takes either of these positions it overrides and soon chafes or wears 0d, and becomes a constant source of trouble to the spinner, and greatly lessens the production.

The mode of banding the whirl, it will be seen, is of greatimportancein practice. When the band is loose and run on a V-shaped whirl it has a constant tendency to jump and slip, and as it is impossible to keep the band from stretching, there must always be in every mill a large number of bands running in such a manner that slacktwisted spots are left in the yarn which will be the cause of bad work whenever the yarn is used.

In my invention I make the whirl D of an irregular conical form-thatis to say, I cut the upper portion of the cone of said whirl fromthe point E midway between the upper and lower flanges of the whirl, or nearly so, to the under side of the upper flange, t, with a less taper than the corresponding lower portion of the whirl, or from the point E to the flange t, leaving a slight re-entrant angle at the point E. By forming the whirl in the manner described I overcome the difficulties in banding before alluded to.

The suction-tube E has a flange or projection, 10, formed upon its outer surface, the object of said flange being to prevent the oil from rising upon the surface of the tube when the spindle is revolving, as all oil rising in this manner will be thrown at the flange p by centrifugal force. The flange p is located at a point immediately below the cover a.

In the operation of my spindle the supporting-tube T enables the spindle to be run on a very small bearing with great steadiness and with a comparatively small expenditure of power. The construction of the oil-cup and the inclosing of the shell of the spindle within a suction-tube, whereby two vacuum-chambers are adapted to be formed around the standard and over the same when the shell is raised, greatly facilitates the lubrication of the bearing-surfaces, while the described form of whirl overcomes the chafing of the bands and the diflerences of speed encountered in the use of spindles of the ordinary form.

I do not in this case claim the combination of a dead-spindle having an enlarged cavity in its head, and a live shell-spindle having a bearin g in the enlarged cavityin the dead-spindle, but reserve the right to make this claim in a future application.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is- 1. The combination, with a standard, a, ot the loo gitudinally-movable shell adapted to be raised to form a vacuum-chamber, Z, at the upper end of the standard, and provided with a suction-tube, E, forming an internal enlargement at the lower end of the shell, whereby, when the spindle is raised a vacuum-chamber, Q, will be formed at the lower portion of the shell, as set forth.

2. The combination of the supporting-tube T, rigidly attached to a base, B, the standard a, fitted loosely in said tube and secured th erein by a pin, 0, and the shelf F, supported by 5 the standard, and provided with the tip H, as

set forth.

3. The combination, with the standard a, and the oil reservoir or cup at the base thereof, of the shell F, having the suction-tube 'E projectinginto the oil-reservoir, and having the flange p, to prevent the oil from working up the outer surface of said tube, as set forth.

4. The combination, with the standard it and the vertically-movable shell F, supported by the standard, and provided with the downwardly-projecting suction-tube E, of the oilreservoir m, contracted at its bottom into a narrow annular space, m, adapted to contain the lower end of the suction-tube, and of suffieient depth to prevent said tube from being withdrawn from said space by the upward move inent of the shell and spindle caused by the act of dropping the bobbin, substantially as described 2 5. The shell F, having the suction-tube E,

provided with a shoulder, 6, combined with the whirl D, as set forth.

6; The combination of the standard 12, the shell F, having the whirl D, which is provided with an annular space in its lower side, the oil- 0 reservoir m, formed with an interior shoulder near its upper end, and a cap composed of a tube surrounding the lower end of the spindleshell, and provided with flanges ff, the latter resting on the shoulder of the reservoir and 3 5 the former projecting over the upper edge of said reservoir, as set forth.

7. The flanged whirl having its periphery between its flanges composed of two cone frusturns of different inclinations, having a re-en- 4o trant angle at their meeting-point, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 5th day of March, .5

' CHARLES H. CHAPMAN. Witnesses:

LEVI WALLACE, J. R. GRAY. 

